Today, I will talk about the classification and design processes of heavy lifting machines according to FEM standards. These standards, particularly used in cranes, classify them based on operating conditions and the most heavily loaded parts of the crane.
The steel structures, lifting categories, and stress groups of cranes are designed according to guidelines set by FEM and considering the challenging working conditions. These designs are analyzed taking into account planned work cycles and the anticipated number of operating hours for the cranes. Additionally, steel structures and mechanisms are designed based on the principle of “Fatigue Stress Verification.”
Mechanical drive systems also play a crucial role. Calculation of rope drives is carried out in accordance with FEM to ensure safe operation of the lifting appliance and to achieve a sufficient service life for the wire ropes used. The ratio of rope diameter to rope sheave diameter or rope drum diameter is determined according to the relevant FEM standards.
Cranes are widely used in various industries, from construction and shipbuilding to ports and storage facilities. Therefore, safety and durability are the most important factors in crane design. FEM standards take these two crucial factors into account to ensure proper classification and design of cranes.